2.12 Orbits — Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law are similar, but they measure different phenomena (no paywall)
New Age Physics — The New Physics of the Future (11 of 19)
2.12 Orbits — Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation and Coulomb’s Law are similar, but they measure different phenomena
The Earth and the Sun are constantly expanding, and the distance between them is reducing in an acceleration, always. So why are they not coming closer together and hitting each other?
Behind the scenes, where we can see the expansion, if two expanding objects meet in space without colliding, and they are going at the right speed to continue on their course away from each other, despite their inner expansion, then in our resulting reality, where we cannot see the expansion, they follow the natural orbit effect of the geometry of expansion, and could continue on their orbit forever.
The question now becomes, although their expansion is constant, if the distance reduction between them is accelerating, as it is in gravity, how can they continue to escape each other forever?
At that moment, when they enter an orbit, and moment by moment thereafter, the relative motion of the geometry of expansion, constantly accelerates them away from each other. This is like the slingshot effect, when a space probe is sent into a partial orbit around a planet to significantly increase its speed. It is all due to the geometry of expansion, no force is involved.
The geometry of expansion will result in a distance reduction between two objects until they collide, or, to an orbit where they may never collide. Behind the scenes, we can see the expansion, objects don’t enter into orbits, and they might be moving in straight lines or slightly curved paths, away from each other. The difference behind the scenes, is that the objects are coming closer together and will collide as they expand, or, they are moving away from each other, possibly in straight lines, fast enough to escape their constant inner expansion, always keeping a certain distance between them.
In one case it is like an object falling back to Earth, in the other it is like an object being accelerated to a certain height over the Earth, where the geometry will naturally start accelerating it away from the planet and keep it in orbit. Perhaps even always at the very same location, as in a geosynchronous orbit.
For example, in an elliptical orbit, a planet is moving away from the Sun fast enough to escape their constant mutual inner expansion. Eventually the distance between the planet and the Sun reduces, as the expansion of the Sun catches up with the planet, and then the planet slows down. The planet starts to accelerate back towards the Sun, because in gravity the distance reduction is an acceleration. It then goes around the Sun and moves away accelerated, just like in the slingshot effect. Then it goes for another orbit away from the Sun, where eventually the expansion of the Sun will catch up with it once again.
The orbit may appear very stable and always relatively the same to us, but behind the scenes it is actually an accelerating orbit enlarging in a spiral, counteracting their mutual constant expansion, and counteracting the acceleration of the distance reduction between them. I visually cover orbits in more detail in chapter 3.
You can see here how the distance reduction in gravity is causing the elliptical orbit, and how orbits are linked to gravity, and how it all results from the relative motion of the geometry of expansion. But as the objects are always expanding at a constant rate behind the scenes, no matter what, there is always an overall reduction in distance between everything, even when everything is kept at the same relative distance because of the enlarging orbits.
The planets’ orbital rings around the Sun are enlarging, as the entire solar system is also expanding constantly. We would see the distance between two expanding solar systems reduce in an acceleration, however they too are kept apart by rogue planets orbiting between them. The distance reduction is real in any case, gravity still happens, even if from our point of view, the distances all appear to remain as they are. With this in mind, let’s look at the difference between Newton and Coulomb’s equations.
2.12a Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
F = G · m₁ m₂ / r²
F is the attracting force between two atomic objects of mass m₁ and m₂
r is the distance between the centre of the masses
G is the gravitational constant (6.674×10⁻¹¹ N · (m/kg)²)
It so happens that this equation is very similar to Coulomb’s Law in static electricity.
2.12b Coulomb’s Law
F = kₑ · q₁ q₂ / r²
F is the attracting or repelling force between two charges q₁ and q₂
r is the distance between the charges
kₑ is the Coulomb’s constant (8.9875517873681764×109 N m² C⁻²)
Gravity is the changing distance between two or more expanding objects, whether these objects are made of atoms and molecules, like Earth, or whether they are made of electrons or clusters of electrons, like light and heat, or whether they are made of clouds of electrons as in electric and magnetic fields. This is what has been referred to as the attracting force acting at a distance in Newton, and this is what his equation mentioned above measures.
This attracting force also exists in Coulomb in electrostatic, since everything constantly expands, reducing the distance between everything. However, the resulting distance reduction is counteracted by the constant enlarging orbits of neutrinos within electrons, and the constant exchange of neutrinos between electrons, keeping them bonded but apart.
In a static field, this expansion of all orbits is unseen, because everything expands relatively to each other at the same constant rate. This is identical to what I was mentioning earlier, concerning the orbit of the Earth around the Sun, and the orbits of rogue planets around solar systems, keeping them all apart despite the distance reduction.
Coulomb’s Law measures this force required by the orbits to keep the objects apart, which depends on the charges of the particles. Coulomb’s Law works mostly in static electrical and magnetic fields, but they are never really static, if everything behind the scenes is constantly expanding, including all the orbits of all these particles.
At the base of a static field, in Coulomb, there is a force counteracting gravity and its resulting reduction in distance between everything (Newton). So there is a link between these two equations, the same link discussed earlier where two objects will hit each other or enter into an orbit instead. But why then is there an attractive and repulsive force in Coulomb?
Coulomb uses the energetic content of the subatomic objects in his equation, while Newton uses the mass of the atomic objects from centre to centre. The Atomic Expansion Equation for gravity, mentioned in the previous section, uses instead the size of the objects, and their expansion rate from surface to surface, this is why the radii of the objects are used in the equation.
There is bound to be some equivalence when using these equations, since the energy content, the mass and the size of an object are usually proportional. The larger an object is, usually the more mass it has, and the more energy it has (or capacity to push back and attract). But not always, and that’s the issue.
The reason Newton’s gravity is solely an attracting force, while in electrostatic, Coulomb’s Law is both an attracting and repelling force, is because they are measuring different phenomena, although both phenomena are linked to gravity. These two laws are not really interchangeable, despite sometimes scientists interchanging them in certain situations, while probably still getting relevant results.
I always thought Mark McCutcheon had been extremely specific when he developed his Atomic Expansion Equation to measure gravity. He did not say, gravity is the reduction in distance between expanding objects, he stated that gravity is the changing distance between expanding objects. As if to take into account this counter interaction of the orbits, or any attracting or repelling force, counteracting the attracting force of gravity, or even simply the momentum an object already has, while being affected by gravity. Once this begins to be applied in our science, and an army of physicists develop this further, we should see very interesting results.
In Newton there is a distance reduction due to the inner expansion of the objects. And in Coulomb, there is an additional attracting or repelling force countering this distance reduction, due to the orbits of smaller particles or objects, linking together but keeping apart, larger particles or objects. This additional attracting or repelling force counteracts the first distance reduction due to the inner expansion, through constantly enlarging orbits keeping the particles or objects apart.
For example, solar systems can attract or repel each other depending on the speed at which the rogue planets are orbiting between them. The faster the orbits, due to more matter being added to the system or pressure added, and the more spaced out the orbits will become, seeming to be a repelling force between solar systems.
The slower the orbits of the rogue planets, due to matter leaving the system or being destroyed, or the pressure being relieved, the smaller the orbits will become, seeming to be an attracting force. All of this while still counteracting the distance reduction due to their inner expansion, in other words, due to gravity. Solar systems are electrons, it is the same whether we are talking at the smaller scale or the larger one.
Coulomb’s Law measures this force keeping the objects apart, while Newton measures the overall distance reduction between all objects due to their constant inner expansion, which never stops, even in a cloud of electrons completely immobile between two charged rods in static electricity.
There are no more charges or charged particles in Atomic Expansion Theory. Electrons can attract or repel each other, depending on the speed at which the neutrinos linking them together are orbiting. The faster the orbits of the neutrinos — due to more energy being added to the system, like more electrons through heat for example, or added pressure being added by squeezing the entire system — the larger the orbits of the neutrinos will be, seeming to be a repelling force. And vice versa for the slower orbits of the neutrinos creating an attracting force between the electrons.
The same goes for galaxies. The rogue solar systems orbiting between them and linking them together, can orbit faster in longer orbits, the galaxies are then being repelled, or orbit slower in shorter orbits, the galaxies are then attracting each other. And yet, all these galaxies and solar systems continue to expand constantly, and their orbits are constantly enlarging in an acceleration, to compensate for the accelerating reduction in distance due to gravity.
Galaxies are atoms, and galaxies linked together by solar systems are forming molecules at a larger scale. It is the same for atoms linked together by orbiting electrons, together they compose different molecules. Eventually we might use Coulomb’s Law, or some similar equation, applied to the larger scale, to measure the force between solar systems linked together.
To summarise, Newton’s attracting force, or gravity, will always reduce the distance between objects due to their constant inner expansion. However, gravity can be counteracted by particles orbiting between objects, keeping these objects apart. These orbits can accelerate and enlarge, or decelerate and shrink, changing the distance between these objects while keeping them apart, despite the considerable expansion of all these objects. And this is Coulomb’s attracting or repulsing force. This is whether we are talking about electrons with orbiting neutrinos, or solar systems with orbiting rogue planets between them. Or atoms with orbiting electrons, or galaxies with orbiting rogue solar systems.
It is worth noting here that there are no forces involved per se. It is all an intricate system of smaller particles’ orbits enlarging and contracting, being exchanged between larger particles, pushing back or pulling together depending on the circumstances. Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation has now been replaced by Mark McCutcheon’s Atomic and Subatomic Expansion Equation. And the discussion above is how I re-interpret Coulomb’s Law in light of Atomic Expansion Theory. I will discuss this in more detail later on in the book.
Another important point, is that an orbit does not really counteract the distance reduction of gravity. An orbit is just another outcome of the geometry of expansion, as much as the distance reduction in gravity is. However, in both cases, the distance reduces between everything, if not between the objects in orbits within a particular system, at least between the overall objects they form, and other such objects elsewhere in their surroundings. Like the distance between two groupings of linked solar systems, for example, or two clusters of electrons, which would not be linked together by orbiting electrons.
In New Age Physics, when applied to ultraterrestrials and their physics, you add to this the frequency or speed at which the neutrinos and electrons are orbiting everywhere, which affects the size of these particles and how fast they vibrate, establishing in which dimension these objects exist in.
There could be many planets, solar systems and galaxies that we don’t even see or can interact with. It is doubtful they could have much impact on what we can see and interact with, but who knows. This is however not the solution to resolve the missing dark matter of the universe, since this dark matter was only invented for Einstein’s theories to still work, which we no longer have any use for in Atomic Expansion Theory. We can all stop looking for dark matter or dark energy, the sooner the better.
Table of content (no paywall)
2.1 New Age Physics Short Summary, a Theory of Everything
2.2 New Age Physics Long Summary (the remainder of chapter 2)
2.3 The constant expansion of all atoms is gravity
2.4 Everything is just expansion and contraction of orbiting and vibrating matter
2.6 What are other dimensions and planes of existence?
2.7 How to move to other dimensions?
2.8 How to raise the vibrational rate or interdimensional frequency of matter?
2.9 How can UFOs fly so easily and how to build an anti-gravity device?
2.11 Gravity — No speed of light limit, the speed of light is relative and variable even in a vacuum
2.11a Atomic and Subatomic Expansion Equation to calculate gravity between expanding objects made of atoms and/or electrons
2.12a Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation
2.12b Coulomb’s Law
2.13 A different concept of positively and negatively charged particles in Atomic Expansion Theory
2.14 Interdimensional time is relative — Time is not relative nor a dimension as Einstein claimed
2.15 E=mc² should be replaced by the kinetic energy equation Eₖ=½mv² (short version)
2.16 Redshifts misinterpretation — No dark matter, dark energy, Big Bang or black holes
2.17 The double slit experiment misinterpretation and the issue with particle accelerators
2.18 Quantum Entanglement misinterpretation
2.19 Parallel universes — The Heisenberg uncertainty principle misinterpretation
2.20 Five types of expansion and contraction of matter to explain the entire physics (short version)
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